HISTORICAL DATA-1935:

•   JANUARY:    On January 13 of this year the Catholic voters and the working-class people of the Saarland give majority approval to the plebiscite regarding reunification of this area with the German Reich. About 90% of these two groups approve of the measure, but foreign observers feel that  there was a "fear factor" behind such a large majority-fear of Nazi party retribution if the measure had failed to win approval.  (Source:  Berlin Diary  The Journal of a Foreign Correspondent  1934-1941  by William L. Shirer-Little, Brown and Company  Boston  Toronto  ((Paperback)) First Edition, pg. 26). 

•     On January 13 of this year also, in Germany, Adolf Hitler delivers a speech in which he says that the Saarland was the last territory in dispute between Germany and France. Some foreign observers are skeptical about this claim, however.  (Source:  Berlin Diary  The Journal of a Foreign Correspondent  1934-1941  by William L. Shirer-Little, Brown and Company  Boston  Toronto  ((Paperback)) First Edition, pg. 26). 

•     At some time during this month in Germany, Motorcycle Company Number 15 is established for the Ist Battalion of Standarte 1 of the SS Verfuegungs Truppe.  (Source:  Das Reich The Military Role of the 2nd SS Division by James Lucas-Cassell Military Paperbacks  London  ((Paperback))  2002, pg. 18).

• FEBRUARY:    By February 25 of this year many diplomats and a large part of the correspondents' pool in Berlin, Germany are becoming more optomistic that a general settlement of current world problems will protect the fragile state of peace that exists now, according to correspondent William L. Shirer.  (Source:   Berlin Diary  The Journal of a Foreign Correspondent  1934-1941  by William L. Shirer-Little, Brown and Company  Boston  Toronto  ((Paperback)) First Edition, pg. 26). 

•     At some trime during this month in Germany a cadre of 24 men is assembled to be the nucleus of a pioneer detachment for the SS Verfuegungs Truppe.  (SOURCE:   Das Reich The Military Role of the 2nd SS Division by James Lucas-Cassell Military Paperbacks  London  ((Paperback))  2002, pg. 25). 

•     In England at some time during this month a Cabinet reshuffle takes place when Ramsay MacDonald retires as Prime Minister and is replaced by Stanley Ba

• MARCH:    On March 1 of this year in Europe the Germans formally move into and occupy the Saarland. According to correspondent William L. Shirer, it rains heavily all day, but the local inhabitants ignore the weather in their enthusiasm for the Nazis. Hitler comes to the area and reviews the S.S. and Army formations. According to Shirer, who sat next to him, Wener von Fritsch, the commander-in-chief of the Reichswehr and moving force behind the surging growth of the new German army, was very sarcastic in his remarks about many of the new German leaders-until Hitler arrived, when von Fritsch took his place behind the Fuehrer for the review.  (Source:   Berlin Diary  The Journal of a Foreign Correspondent  1934-1941  by William L. Shirer-Little, Brown and Company  Boston  Toronto  ((Paperback)) First Edition, pp. 26-27). 

•     By some time at the beginning of March of this year in Germany more men have been added to the original cadre of the pioneer detachment of the SS Verfuegungs Truppe, and it is now indeed a full detachment for the Verfuegungs Truppe.  (SOURCE:  Das Reich The Military Role of the 2nd SS Division by James Lucas-Cassell Military Paperbacks  London  ((Paperback))  2002, pg. 25). 

• MARCH:    On March 10  of this year in Germany Hermann Goering announces that Germany was building a military air force.  (SOURCE:  NAZI CONSPIRACY AND AGGRESSION VOLUME I Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality United States Government Printing Office Washington 1946, pages 22-23).

• MARCH:    On March 16 of this year the Nazi Party government in Germany promulgate "a law for universal military service, in which they stated the peace-time strength of the German Army would be fixed at 500,000 men."  (SOURCE:   NAZI CONSPIRACY AND AGGRESSION VOLUME I Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality United States Government Printing Office Washington 1946, page 23). 

   

• APRIL:    On April 1st of this year in Germany Carl-Maria Demelhuber assumes command of the former "Austrian Legion" that has been assigned to the "D" Regiment of the SS as its 2nd Battalion. Under Demelhuber the battalion expands  to full strength and is stationed in the barracks in the Ingolstadt Landstrasse.  (Source:  Das Reich The Military Role of the 2nd SS Division by James Lucas-Cassell Military Paperbacks  London  ((Paperback))  2002, pg. 18).

• APRIL:    On April 12 of this year in England the Bristol Aircraft Company's type 142 "Britain First" plane makes its first flight, and causes a tremendous sensation, for it is 50 mph faster than the R.A.F.'s latest fighter, the Gloster Gladiator prototype.  (SOURCE:  Scale Modeler magazine, Volume 9, Number 9, September 1974, Article, "A Beau For All Seasons" by Bob Archer, page 8).  

• APRIL:    On April 23 of this year Colonel Walter Krueger and Captain John M. Smealie of the Joint Planning Committee of the United States War Department send a letter to the Joint Board in which they say that Japan can be defeated only in a long war which will see the early fall of the Philippines to them, and that it would take a progressive movement through the mandated islands to set up a secure line of communications across the Pacific Ocean  to our allies there.  (Source:  UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II The War Department STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR COALITION WARFARE 1941-1942 by  Maurice Matloff and Edwin M. Snell, pg. 2, note 21                             0.

• MAY:    On about the 9th or 10th of May of this year Julius Streicher delivers a speech in Germany in which he warns the "French front-line soldier" to take back to France the knowledge that "The German people have taken a new lease of life, they want peace, but if anyone tries to attack them, if anyone tries to torture them again, if anyone tries to push them back into the past, then the world would see another heroic epic, then heaven will decide where righteousness lies--here, or where the Jew has the whiphand, where he instigates massacres, one could almost say the biggest ritual murders of all times." Streicher also tells his audience that he has recently had the opportunity to congratulate Mosley, the leader of the British Fascists on a speech that he had delivered, and that Mosley had written back to tell Streicher that peace is not possible as long as the Jews still control nations and dominate the world. (SOURCE:  NAZI CONSPIRACY AND AGGRESSION  VOLUME VIII  Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality  United States Government Printing Office  Washington, D. C.  1946, pp. 1-2).

• MAY:    On May 21 of this year the German leaders falsely announce "that they would respect the territorial limitations of the Versailles Treaty and comply with the Locarno Pacts."  (SOURCE:  NAZI CONSPIRACY AND AGGRESSION VOLUME I Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality United States Government Printing Office Washington 1946, page 23).  

• MAY:    On May 21 of this year German Chancellor Adolf Hitler delivers a speech in the Reichstag in which he says, among other things, "Germany neither intends nor wishes to interfere in the internal affairs of Austria, to annex Austria or to conclude an Anschluss."  (Source: NAZI CONSPIRACY AND AGGRESSION VOLUME I Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality United States Government Printing Office Washington 1946, page 23). 

• MAY:    On May 24 of this year the first night-time major-league baseball game in the United States of America is played at Cincinnati, Ohio at Crosley Field. The Philadelphia Phillies played the Cincinnati Reds, and the Phillies' first batter in the first inning, and thus the first man ever to bat in a major-league night game, was Lou Chiozza. The Reds won, by 2-1. The lights were turned on via a remote switch thrown in Washington, D.C. by President Franklin Roosevelt.  (SOURCE: website for jcs group.com here: and for infoplease.com here:).

• JUNE:    In London, England Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister on June 7 of this year when Ramsay MacDonald retires because of failing health. In the resulting Cabinet shakeup, Sir Samuel Hoare and not Anthony Eden becomes Foreign Secretary; Eden assumes the newly-created post as Minister for League of Nations Affairs. Among other appointments, Sir Philip Cunliffe-Lister is named as Secretary of State for Air, replacing the Marquess of Londonderry, a Conservative, who now becomes government leader in the House of Lords.  (SOURCE:  Article, "BALDWIN IN POWER; HOARE IS REGARDED AS PRO-AMERICAN" by Charles A. Selden, The New York Times, Saturday, June 8, 1935, page 1-retrieved from the Timesmachine at:  http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1935/06/08/issue.html   retrieved 10/10/2014-GD).

• JULY:    On July 7 of this year in the United States, President Roosevelt signs into law the act that creates the Federal Writers' Project under the Works Progress Administration. The Project is initially headed by the journalist and theatrical producer Henry Alsberg, and its mission is to employ thousands of currently unemployed writers, researchers, and even archeologists, as well as others,  but it is not merely a "make-work" program. One of the most interesting products of the newly-hired corps of authors and others will be a series of guides to what was then the 48 States of the United States, to be called the American Guide Series.  (SOURCE:  For details of this program, see Wikipedia entry here:).

•   AUGUST:    At about this time in Germany Felix Steiner succeeds Major Boye as commander of the 4th Battalion of Regiment 1 of the SS Verfuegungs Truppe in Wuerttemberg.  (Source:  Das Reich The Military Role of the 2nd SS Division by James Lucas-Cassell Military Paperbacks  London  ((Paperback))  2002, pg. 18).  

•   AUGUST:    At about this time (Summer of 1935) a group of  civic and business leaders in New York City assembles there; they form an initial steering committee to look into the possibility of staging a full-fledged World's Fair in the city. They are aware that such an enterprise would be very costly, in the millions of dollars at a time when the country is still just recovering from the Great Depression, but they feel that a Fair would bring enough tourists to the city that they could reap a large profit.  (SOURCE:  New York World's Fair 1939 and 1940 Incorporated Records 1935-1945 MssCol 2233-The New York Public Library Manuscripts and Archives Division  By Jessica Weglein,  Wendy Scheir, Jill Peterson, Susan Malsbury, and Michelle Schwartz June, 2008  PDF document at: http://www.nypl.org/sites/default/files/archivalcollections/pdf/nywf39fa.pdf  accessed 3/22/2014-GD). 

• SEPTEMBER:    At about September 15 of this year in Germany new laws (the "NUREMBERG LAWS") are announced, and they are very anti-Jewish in their intent. Ordinances based upon these laws disenfranchise all Jews in Germany from voting or holding public office.  (Source:  United Sates Holocaust Memorial Museum. "Introduction to the Holocaust." Holocaust Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.ushmn.org/content/en/article/introduction-to-the-holocaust. Accessed on March 4, 2024-GD).

• OCTOBER:    On October 30 of this year the Boeing Aircraft Company's new heavy bomber prototype, the Model 299, crashes at Wright Field in Dayton, Ohio. It has just completed most of its Army Air Corps testing, and the crash is found to have been caused by a locked elevator control. Both the pilot and the copilot are killed in the crash.  (SOURCE:  Article, "Requiem For Heavyweights" by the Editors, Wings magazine, June, 1990, page 12, photograph 1 & caption).

• 

• NOVEMBER:    On November 6 of this year the first model of a new multi-purpose British aircraft, the Hawker Hurricane, makes its first flight.  (SOURCE:  Article, "Anatomy of the Killer Hurricane" (Part One)-by Charles A. Mendenhall-Air Classics magazine, Volume 25, Number 8-August 1989, page 32).            

• DECEMBER:     At some time early this month the General Headquarters, Air Force in the U. S. holds a combat maneuver exercise in Florida.   The first objective of this test is to determine how quickly all of its units could come together in one area. General Hap Arnold's aircraft, which have to get to Florida from California, are given just  twenty-four hours to make the trip into Vero Beach, Florida. In fact, the final plane of his contingent arrives in Vero Beach just twenty-one hours and forty-five minutes  after it had left March Field in California. This is accomplished in spite of the fact that these planes had a cruising speed of no more than 200 miles per hour, and that their limited range required them to make several refueling stops along the way.  (SOURCE:  HAP The Story of  the U.S. Air Force and the Man Who Built It  by Thomas M. Coffey The Viking Press New York 1982, pp. 168-169).

• DECEMBER:     On December 27 of this year Colonel Sherman Miles writes a memo for the Assistant Chief of Staff of the United States Army's War Plans Division with the Subject: Basis of Calculation on Peace and War Garrison, Hawaiian Department, in which he says, among other things that Pearl Harbor could be one of the first targets to be hit, should Japan decide to go to active war with the United States of America.  (Source:  United States Army in World War II  The War Department  Strategic Planning For Coalition Warfare  1941-1942, by Maurice Matloff and Edwin M. Snell, pg. 18, note 19 (3) ). 

• (WHOLE YEAR):    During this year the British government issues 41 official specifications for reequipping the Royal Air Force; this is a number which is seemingly at odds with  Engand's passive political reaction to Germany's bellicose  posturing.  (SOURCE:  Article, "Weathering the Storm"-by Joe Mizrahi-((second of three parts))-WINGS magazine-April 1989, Volume 19, Number 2, page 11).

• (NO SPECIFIC DATE):    At some time during this year the final volume of the History of Labour in the United States by J. R. Commons, et. al., is published in this country.  (SOURCE:  THE AMERICAN NATION...TO 1877-Second Edition (Paperback), John A. Garraty, pg. 283 (Supplementary Reading list).

• (NO SPECIFIC DATE):    At some time during this year the Jersey City, New Jersey Police Department becomes one of the first two-way radio-equipped police agencies when it receives a Federal Communications Commission  license to operate Experimental radio station W2XFA on 31.60 MCS in Amplitude Modulation mode. The Department's base station uses a 100 watt transmitter, and all of the Department's 36 patrol cars (possibly Ford coupes)carry two-way radios. Each patrol car can patch the base station through its public address system, or the officer operating the car can use the address system directly. The public address system uses a large horn-shaped speaker mounted on the roof of the car.

      In this system, each patrol car has two antennas, one of them being a horizontal mesh on the roof for reception, and the other being a vertical whip behind the rear window for transmission. There are both transmitting and receiving antennas on the roof of the Department's headquarters building, and there are also two more remote receiving sites at some distance away from headquarters.  (SOURCE:  Article, Calling All Cars in Remembering Radio feature by Alice Brannigan in Popular Communications magazine, May, 1994, pg. 21).

•     At some time during this year in Germany Adolf Hitler delivers a speech  in the Reichstag in which he says, among other things, that he is bringing back conscription for military service to the country. He foresees a peace-time army of 36 divisions, one of which would be an SS formation.  (SOURCE:  DAS REICH  THE MILITARY ROLE OF THE 2ND SS DIVISION  by James Lucas  Cassell Military Paperbacks 2002, PG. 16).

•     At some time during this year the Foreign Policy School of Instruction is established in Dahlem, Germany "[i]n order to also develop potential and interested capable powers arising from the people and develop them as successors in the movement of national socialism...". The student body consists of "[s]tudents from all over Germany who displayed an interest in foreign policy..." who are taught in lectures and "cooperative work similar to seminars." The faculty includes "German economists as well as the Japanese and Chinese military attaches. The Chief of the APA [Foreign Policy Office] himself lectured there."  (Source:  Report, "A Short Report of the Activity of the Foreign Policy Office (APA)" Document (translation) 003-PS, page 19 in NAZI CONSPIRACY AND AGGRESSION  V0LUME III, Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality, United States Government Printing Office Washington . 1946). 

•     At some time during this year in Germany also, the grey service uniform is  issued to the members of the SS Verfuegungs Truppe, and this is a sign that the organization is being trained as an official military unit.  (SOURCE:  Das Reich The Military Role of the 2nd SS Division by James Lucas-Cassell Military Paperbacks  London  ((Paperback))  2002, pg. 18). 

•     At some time during  this year in the United States of America G. J. Mead, chief engineer of United Airlines' associated company, United Aircraft, draws up the basic outline of a 40-passenger, 54,000-pound, 175 miles per hour transport plane for United Airlines'  President, W. A. Patterson. Mead is assisted in this project by Jerome C. Hunsacker, an aerodynamicist from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (SOURCE:  Article, LONG RANGER, by Don  Davis in Wings Magazine, April 1990, Volume 20, Number 2--pg. 10).

•     At some time during this year in the United States of America the North American Aviation Corporation, a rather small but well organized company which had been a subsidiary of the General Aviation company, is spun off and moves its operations to California.  (SOURCE:  Article, MUSTANG WORLD WAR II'S CHAMPION FIGHTER by Colonel Leonard "Kit" Carson ((Ret.)) et al. in Airpower Magazine, July, 1985, Volume 15 Number 4--pg. 15).  

•     At some time during this year the relatively-new American Institute of Public Opinion of Dr. George H. Gallup conducts a poll of American opinion which finds that "the people [are] strongly in favor  of increasing [defense] appropriations...at a time when Congress was going exactly in the other direction...". (SOURCE:  Lecture by Dr. Gallup before the Industrial College of the Armed Forces, Washington, 17 June 1947, quoted in UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II The War Department CHIEF OF STAFF: PREWAR PLANS AND PREPARATIONS by Mark Skinner Watson HISTORICAL DIVISION DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON, D.C.,1950, page 17, note 1). 

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